TBSMUN 2025

Topic

Addressing the Kivu conflict.

About the committee

The Kivu Conflict in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo is a protracted and brutal conflict driven by ethnic tensions, the aftermath of the 1994 Rwandan Genocide, weak governance, and competition for control of valuable natural resources. It has involved government forces, local militias, and foreign armed groups, resulting in widespread atrocities, including massacres, sexual violence, and the forced displacement of millions. The conflict has devastated the region, perpetuating poverty, insecurity, and cycles of violence.

Chairs

• Andrzej Chocholak
• Camille Dubno

Countries

Topic

Division of the Austro-Hungarian Empire after the First World War (Treaties of Trianon and Saint-Germain).

About the committee

The Treaties of Saint-Germain-en-Laye and Trianon were parts of the Paris Peace Conference, which shaped Europe after the Great War, that defined the new borders of the previous territories of the Austrian Empire and Kingdom of Hungary respectively. With both countries losing around two thirds of their territories and populations, as well as their nations being split into numerous states, these treaties are considered as two of the most controversial ones in history by many historians. In this committee, we will analyse if the great powers could have done a better job with deciding the future of the Austro-Hungarian land.

Chairs

• Norbert Piotrowski
• Franciszek Michał Tarnowski

Countries

Topic

Assessing the impact and risks of the so-called debt trap policies for the borrower states' economic stability and independence.

About the committee

Loans and debts have been an ever-present element of many developing countries' economic reality ever ince international organisations and various high-income countries have used them as the basis for the development and aid policies. While there are numerous positive effects the restructuring of the economic and political systems that was often the condition for receiving aid, and also known as structural adjustment, often opened up the country's markets to uncontrolled foreign investment. As a result, low-income countries where this occurred became dependent on the goodwill of foreign firms and governments, while their domestic producers were struggling to compete with such foreign competition and their sovereign debts exploited as leverage by creditors resulting in a debt-trap situation.

Chairs

• Antonina Stępak
• Alan Day

Countries

Topic

Establishing guidelines towards the use and development of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs), with an emphasis on biological and chemical weapons.

About the committee

The topic "Establishing guidelines towards the use and development of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs), with an emphasis on biological and chemical weapons"focuses on addressing the global threats posed by WMDs, particularly those involving biological and chemical agents. It highlights the need for international frameworks that prevent their proliferation, restrict development, and ensure compliance with treaties like the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) and Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC). The discussion encompasses ethical, environmental, and security considerations, aiming to establish effective verification mechanisms, deterrents, and responses to the misuse of such weapons, while promoting disarmament and the responsible use of scientific advancements.

Chairs

• Rita Pasiewicz
• Zofia Baberowska

Countries

Topic

Discussing the monitoring and oversight of the activities of private military and security companies.

About the committee

With concerns of human rights violations and implications for state sovereignty the growing role of PMSCs in ensuring security in conflict zones has caused a plethora of challenges across Africa ranging from political down to social-economic. Therefore it is paramount to establish discussions focused on regulating PMSCs operations and establishing guidelines, as to ensure that they align with international law and the principles of African Union

Chairs

• Aleksander Jacaszek
• Antoni Dragon

Countries

Topic

Combating the issue of child trafficking, with an emphasis on information sharing and border security.

About the committee

Child trafficking remains one of the gravest violations of children’s rights, depriving them of safety, education and decent future life. Each year, an estimated 1.2 million children become victims of trafficking, highlighting the urgent need for immediate action to resolve this issue. UNICEF constantly seeks to address this global crisis by, most importantly, emphasising the need for improved information sharing and strengthened cross-boarder security measures.

Chairs

• Nadia Siewruk
• Hanna Masiak
• Anna Tomczynska

Countries

Topic

Securing elections: preventing foreign interference through technology.

About the committee

In an era of digital connection, elections are increasingly vulnerable to foreign interference, such as cyberattacks, disinformation operations, and the exploitation of social media platforms. These activities undercut democratic processes, diminish public trust, and jeopardise national sovereignty. Advanced technologies, such as artificial intelligence and blockchain, can play a crucial role in safeguarding elections by improving cybersecurity, assuring transparency in voting systems, and detecting and fighting misinformation.

Chairs

• vy monia nguyen
• Michał Hochuł-Kubica

Countries

Topic

Ensuring equitable prison conditions worldwide, with an emphasis on preventing torture and prisoner abuse.

About the committee

Over 11.5 million people are incarcerated worldwide, with many enduring severe overcrowding and substandard conditions. In some regions, prisons operate at over 200% capacity, leading to human rights abuses, including torture and ill-treatment. Between 2009 and 2013, Amnesty International received reports of torture in 141 countries, underscoring the global prevalence of this issue. Addressing these challenges requires international cooperation to implement humane treatment standards, prevent abuse, and promote rehabilitation, aligning with the United Nations' commitment to upholding human dignity and justice.

Chairs

• Jessica Coman
• Zuzanna Bogucka

Countries

Topic

Finding strategies for the prevention and mitigation of flood impacts in response to recent global climate events.

About the committee

Finding measures for flood prevention and mitigation remains one of the most difficult tasks for the United Nations environmental programs, especially in light of recent devastating global climatic catastrophes. Between 1998 and 2017, floods harmed over 2 trillion people globally. They incurred losses of $656 trillion. Climate change is altering the hydrological cycle, increasing the frequency and severity of storms. More than 90% of "natural" disasters are weather-related, such as drought and acidification, wildfires, pollution, and flooding. They cause death, injury, loss of livelihood, and relocation, imposing a significant strain on society, economies, and the environment. UNEP encourages nature-based water solutions such as river re-meandering, reforestation, terracing, and sand dams to minimize the risks of disasters such as floods and ameliorate the effects of droughts and dry spells. Large numbers of countries are racing to think out of the box for lessening the disastrous effects of flooding, either by implementing "sponge cities" or developing relief routes. Inter alia these solutions work toward achieving urban resilience through improved water absorption and methods of controlling floods.

Chairs

• Lena Szmyt
• Aleksandra Sniezek

Countries

Topic

Discussing antibiotic resistance and the fight against Superbugs.

About the committee

The topic of discussing antibiotic resistance and the fight against superbugs is a pressing issue regarding the global community and healthcare. In order to address the matter, particular attention should be drawn to the prescription and distribution of antibiotics, as the misuse of those directly contributes to the spread of drug- resistant bacteria, which lethally affects almost 5 million people every year. The WHO has been working closely with countries and its partners to establish guidelines to combat the antimicrobial resistance (AMR), however further efforts are crucial to be made to enhance global healthcare and develop international strategies to tackle the threat caused by superbugs.

Chairs

• Maria Skupińska
• Marika Chaber

Countries

Topic

Addressing corruption in judiciary systems with an emphasis on pardoning power.

About the committee

TBSMUN 2025 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime will deal with corruption in the judiciary with emphasis on pardoning power. Corruption and justice are intricately connected in a complex, inverse dynamic: when justice prevails, corruption finds little room to exist. However, when corruption flourishes, it disrupts the balance of justice. A well-functioning justice system is meant to uphold the rule of law, protect human rights and ensure that all other rights and obligations contained in the law, including existing anti-corruption provisions, are appropriately observed. However, as noted by the UNODC, many justice systems around the world are overburdened with heavy caseloads, chronically underfunded and in need of more financial human resources to fulfil their mandates properly. In the light of the recent events, UNODC will also tackle the misuse of pardoning power. The abuse of pardoning power by politicians all across the world is another pressing concern, as it occurs far too frequently in the era of mass incarceration. The parole laws, the indeterminate sentence laws, laws giving judges the right to suspend sentence and executives the right to pardon and parole offenders, are all evidence of the growing belief that no laws, general in their application as all criminal laws must or can be administered by the courts alone without working grave injustice in many individual cases. UNODC delegates at TBSMUN 2025 will investigate the origins of corrupt judiciary, and finally seek solutions to try and mitigate the injustice entangled with the pardoning power, resulting in a firm consensus.

Chairs

• Marta Woźniak
• Natalia Olawa

Countries

Topic

Discussing the impact of tariffs on the green transition with a focus on SDGs 7 and 13.

About the committee

The topic of this committee explores how tariffs on imports and exports affect the global green transition, with an emphasis on achieving Sustainable Development Goal 7 (affordable and clean energy) and SDG 13 (climate action). In recent years with the significant escalation of trade wars and a growing drive towards renewable energy and green alternatives, these two developments have been placed in contention with each other. In order to address this matter, particular attention should be drawn to solutions that will promote preferential trade of green technologies and enhance global cooperation while protecting the interest of citizens and nations. The World bank is a strong proponent of facilitating trade agreements that reduce non-tariff barriers of green technology trade and advocates for green trade policies that focus on tariff reductions for products that contribute heavily to sustainable development.

Chairs

• Leon Dąbrowski
• Ewa Naczyńska
• Ariana Bedrak

Countries

Topic

Finding comprehensive solutions to the issue of Period Poverty.

About the committee

Period poverty is the lack of access to menstrual products, hygiene facilities, and education. It affects millions worldwide, especially in marginalized and low-income communities. It perpetuates gender inequality by forcing individuals to miss school or work, face stigma, and endure health risks due to inadequate resources. Tackling period poverty involves ensuring access to free or affordable menstrual products, improving sanitation infrastructure, and integrating menstrual health education into schools and community programs. Advocacy for policies promoting menstrual equity and efforts to dismantle taboos surrounding menstruation are essential to creating inclusive and supportive environments. As the United Nations leading body for gender equality, UN Women plays a pivotal role in addressing period poverty. The organization collaborates with member states, NGOs, and grassroots movements to promote equitable access to menstrual resources and advocate for systemic reforms. UN Women also leads global campaigns to challenge harmful cultural stigmas and integrate menstrual health into gender equality and human rights agendas. By prioritizing menstrual equity and addressing this topic within the UN Women committee, efforts are focused on breaking the cycle of period poverty, ensuring that all girls and women can be empowered, healthy, and live dignified lives.

Chairs

• Dominika Muszyńska
• Barbara Pokorska
• Nikodem Mielniczuk

Countries

Topic

The Prosecutor vs. Saif Al-Islam Gaddafi.

About the committee

Saif al-Islam Gaddafi is the second son of Muammar Gaddafi, a Libyan dictator that ruled a brutal socialist state in Libya from the Libyan Revolution of 1969 all the way to his assassination in 2011. Saif unofficially aided his father in the maintenance of his regime as a member of his inner circle. Despite refusing to accept any governmental position in his administration, he still served as the de facto prime minister, performed diplomatic duties on Muammar’s behalf, and was to be named his father’s successor. On the 27th of July 2011, just a few months before Muammar’s assassination, the ICC issued an arrest warrant for him, Saif, and Abdullah Senussi, Muammar’s chief of intelligence. The charges brought up against them were crimes against humanity, particularly murder and persecution of identifiable ethnic groups. Out of those three, the Saif’s case is the only one the ICC has not yet closed. He remains uncaptured, despite Libyan courts already sentencing him to death penalty for war crimes. The case reached a deadlock with it being highly political. Saif, significant to some foreign actors in Libya, still remains a political figure in the country going as far as starting in the 2021 Libyan presidential elections.

Chairs

• Julian Czyzewski
• Helli Tuff

Countries